The Confraternities of Modena between the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Rules, Social Profiles and Spirituality

By Matteo Al Kalak

This article traces the foundation and development of confraternities in the city of Modena and identifies key events that influenced how lay associations determined the social, spiritual, and cultural responsibilities outlined in their statutes.…

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Version 1.0 - published on 21 Apr 2025

Licensed under Creative Commons BY-NC 4.0

Description

This article traces the foundation and development of confraternities in the city of Modena and identifies key events that influenced how lay associations determined the social, spiritual, and cultural responsibilities outlined in their statutes. Over time, how­ever, the confraternities underwent major changes to their corpo­rate identity and subsequently adapted their statutes to reflect those changes. The article also charts the documentary lineage of the regu­lations that governed Modena’s confraternities, revealing the com­plexity of both internal and external influences that affected the ways in which the societies designed, updated, and enforced their statutes.

Notes

Original publication: Kalak, Matteo Al. “The Confraternities of Modena between the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Rules, Social Profiles and Spirituality.” Confraternitas 29 (2): 2019. 4-21. DOI: 10.33137/confrat.v29i2.32297. This material has been re-published in an unmodified form on the Canadian HSS Commons with the permission of Iter Canada / Confraternitas. Copyright © the author(s). Their work is distributed by Confraternitas under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. For details, see creativecommons.org/licenses/.

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      FROM `jos_item_watch`
      WHERE `jos_item_watch`.`item_id` = '2018'
      AND `jos_item_watch`.`item_type` = 'publication'
  77. SELECT m.id,m.title,m.module,m.position,m.content,m.showtitle,m.params,mm.menuid,e.protected
      FROM `jos_modules` AS `m`
      LEFT JOIN jos_modules_menu AS mm
      ON mm.moduleid = m.id
      LEFT JOIN jos_extensions AS e
      ON e.element = m.module
      AND e.client_id = m.client_id
      WHERE `m`.`published` = '1'
      AND `e`.`enabled` = '1'
      AND (`m`.`publish_up` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_up` <= '2025-04-21 16:39:52' )
      AND (`m`.`publish_down` IS NULL OR `m`.`publish_down` >= '2025-04-21 16:39:52' )
      AND `m`.`access` IN ('1','1','4')
      AND `m`.`client_id` = ''
      AND (`mm`.`menuid` = '' OR `mm`.`menuid` <= '' )
      AND `m`.`language` IN ('en-GB','*')
      ORDER BY `m`.`position` ASC,`m`.`ordering` ASC
  78. SHOW FULL COLUMNS
      FROM `jos_publication_versions`
  79. SELECT *
      FROM jos_publication_versions
      WHERE publication_id='2018'
      AND state = 1
      ORDER BY version_number DESC
      LIMIT 1
  80. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_users'
  81. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_register'
  82. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_menus'
  83. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_content'
  84. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_categories'
  85. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_collections'
  86. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_events'
  87. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_blog'
  88. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_forum'
  89. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_support'
  90. SELECT extension_id AS id,element AS "option",params,enabled
      FROM `jos_extensions`
      WHERE `type` = 'component'
      AND `element` = 'com_kb'
  91. UPDATE `jos_session`
      SET `data` = '__default|a:10:{s:15:\"session.counter\";i:16;s:19:\"session.timer.start\";i:1745253588;s:18:\"session.timer.last\";i:1745253592;s:17:\"session.timer.now\";i:1745253592;s:24:\"session.client.forwarded\";s:12:\"3.15.223.236\";s:8:\"registry\";O:23:\"Hubzero\\Config\\Registry\":2:{s:7:\"\0*\0data\";O:8:\"stdClass\":1:{s:1:\"0\";s:7:\"session\";}s:9:\"separator\";s:1:\".\";}s:4:\"user\";O:17:\"Hubzero\\User\\User\":1:{s:5:\"guest\";b:1;}s:11:\"tracker.sid\";s:32:\"b61b52d3c938777993f2d7f4835537ac\";s:12:\"tracker.ssid\";s:32:\"b61b52d3c938777993f2d7f4835537ac\";s:12:\"tracker.rsid\";s:32:\"b61b52d3c938777993f2d7f4835537ac\";}',`time` = '1745253593',`ip` = '10.233.94.22'
      WHERE `session_id` = 'b61b52d3c938777993f2d7f4835537ac'
  • onAfterInitialise Method plgSystemLanguageFilter::onAfterInitialise /app/plugins/system/languagefilter/languagefilter.php:186
  • onAfterInitialise Method plgSystemP3p::onAfterInitialise /core/plugins/system/p3p/p3p.php:21
  • onAfterInitialise Method plgSystemRemember::onAfterInitialise /core/plugins/system/remember/remember.php:20
  • onAfterInitialise Method plgSystemHubzero::onAfterInitialise /core/plugins/system/hubzero/hubzero.php:21
  • onAfterInitialise Method plgSystemXFeed::onAfterInitialise /core/plugins/system/xfeed/xfeed.php:21
  • onAfterInitialise Method plgSystemSupergroup::onAfterInitialise /core/plugins/system/supergroup/supergroup.php:113
  • onAfterInitialise Method plgSystemReferrerpolicy::onAfterInitialise /core/plugins/system/referrerpolicy/referrerpolicy.php:21
  • onAfterRoute Method plgSystemJquery::onAfterRoute /core/plugins/system/jquery/jquery.php:21
  • onAfterRoute Method plgSystemSpamjail::onAfterRoute /core/plugins/system/spamjail/spamjail.php:21
  • onAfterRoute Method plgSystemIncomplete::onAfterRoute /core/plugins/system/incomplete/incomplete.php:21
  • onAfterRoute Method plgSystemUnconfirmed::onAfterRoute /core/plugins/system/unconfirmed/unconfirmed.php:21
  • onAfterRoute Method plgSystemUnapproved::onAfterRoute /core/plugins/system/unapproved/unapproved.php:21
  • onAfterRoute Method plgSystemPassword::onAfterRoute /app/plugins/system/password/password.php:21
  • onPublicationAreas Method plgPublicationsQuestions::onPublicationAreas /app/plugins/publications/questions/questions.php:31
  • onPublicationAreas Method plgPublicationsReviews::onPublicationAreas /app/plugins/publications/reviews/reviews.php:33
  • onPublicationAreas Method plgPublicationsShare::onPublicationAreas /app/plugins/publications/share/share.php:31
  • onPublicationAreas Method plgPublicationsSupportingDocs::onPublicationAreas /app/plugins/publications/supportingdocs/supportingdocs.php:31
  • onPublicationAreas Method plgPublicationsUsage::onPublicationAreas /app/plugins/publications/usage/usage.php:56
  • onPublicationAreas Method plgPublicationsVersions::onPublicationAreas /app/plugins/publications/versions/versions.php:31
  • onPublicationAreas Method plgPublicationsForks::onPublicationAreas /core/plugins/publications/forks/forks.php:31
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsQuestions::onPublication /app/plugins/publications/questions/questions.php:54
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsReviews::onPublication /app/plugins/publications/reviews/reviews.php:77
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsShare::onPublication /app/plugins/publications/share/share.php:48
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsSupportingDocs::onPublication /app/plugins/publications/supportingdocs/supportingdocs.php:55
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsUsage::onPublication /app/plugins/publications/usage/usage.php:79
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsVersions::onPublication /app/plugins/publications/versions/versions.php:55
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsGooglescholar::onPublication /app/plugins/publications/googlescholar/googlescholar.php:27
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsOpengraph::onPublication /app/plugins/publications/opengraph/opengraph.php:27
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsDublincore::onPublication /app/plugins/publications/dublincore/dublincore.php:27
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsForks::onPublication /core/plugins/publications/forks/forks.php:54
  • onPublication Method plgPublicationsJsonld::onPublication /core/plugins/publications/jsonld/jsonld.php:27
  • onWikiParseText Method plgWikiParserdefault::onWikiParseText /core/plugins/wiki/parserdefault/parserdefault.php:75
  • onContentPrepare Method plgContentLoadmodule::onContentPrepare /core/plugins/content/loadmodule/loadmodule.php:35
  • onContentPrepare Method plgContentEmailcloak::onContentPrepare /core/plugins/content/emailcloak/emailcloak.php:25
  • onContentPrepare Method plgContentPagebreak::onContentPrepare /core/plugins/content/pagebreak/pagebreak.php:35
  • onContentPrepare Method plgContentXhubtags::onContentPrepare /core/plugins/content/xhubtags/xhubtags.php:25
  • onContentPrepare Method plgContentFormatwiki::onContentPrepare /core/plugins/content/formatwiki/formatwiki.php:63
  • onContentPrepare Method plgContentFormathtml::onContentPrepare /core/plugins/content/formathtml/formathtml.php:105
  • onContentPrepare Method plgContentExternalhref::onContentPrepare /core/plugins/content/externalhref/externalhref.php:41
  • onAddIndex Method plgSearchSolr::onAddIndex /core/plugins/search/solr/solr.php:56
  • onContentSave Method plgSystemContent::onContentSave /core/plugins/system/content/content.php:23
  • onPublicationSub Method plgPublicationsRecommendations::onPublicationSub /app/plugins/publications/recommendations/recommendations.php:56
  • onPublicationSub Method plgPublicationsRelated::onPublicationSub /app/plugins/publications/related/related.php:49
  • onPublicationSub Method plgPublicationsGroups::onPublicationSub /core/plugins/publications/groups/groups.php:49
  • onPublicationSub Method plgPublicationsWatch::onPublicationSub /core/plugins/publications/watch/watch.php:49
  • onPublicationSub Method plgPublicationsForks::onPublicationSub /core/plugins/publications/forks/forks.php:111
  • onAfterDispatch Method plgSystemMobile::onAfterDispatch /core/plugins/system/mobile/mobile.php:22
  • onAfterDispatch Method plgSystemLanguageFilter::onAfterDispatch /app/plugins/system/languagefilter/languagefilter.php:554
  • onAfterDispatch Method plgSystemDebug::onAfterDispatch /core/plugins/system/debug/debug.php:60
  • onAfterDispatch Method PlgSystemHighlight::onAfterDispatch /core/plugins/system/highlight/highlight.php:25
  • onAfterRender Method plgSystemSef::onAfterRender /core/plugins/system/sef/sef.php:21